High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, affects about 1 in 3 adults in Ireland. It's a serious condition that can lead to major health issues if not managed properly. Knowing what normal blood pressure by age is can help you stay on top of your health. In this guide, we’ll cover how blood pressure changes with age, the factors that can affect these numbers, the signs and symptoms to watch for, and when you should think about getting medical advice.
What is blood pressure?
Blood pressure measures how hard your blood pushes against the walls of your arteries. It’s recorded in two numbers:
- Systolic pressure: The pressure when your heart beats.
- Diastolic pressure: The pressure when your heart rests between beats.
For example, a reading of 120/80 mm Hg means your systolic pressure is 120 and your diastolic pressure is 80. Both numbers are important, but systolic pressure often gets more attention as people get older [1].
What is normal blood pressure by age?
Normal blood pressure varies by age and can be influenced by lifestyle and health conditions. Here’s a breakdown of what is normal blood pressure by age, covering children, adults, and older adults, showing how it changes as we grow older:
Infants and children
Children’s blood pressure varies depending on their age. Here are the general ranges:
- Newborns (up to 1 month): Systolic 60–90 mm Hg, Diastolic 20–60 mm Hg [3].
- Infants: Systolic 87–105 mm Hg, Diastolic 53–66 mm Hg [3].
- Toddlers: Systolic 95–105 mm Hg, Diastolic 53–66 mm Hg [3].
- Preschoolers: Systolic 95–110 mm Hg, Diastolic 56–70 mm Hg [3].
- School-aged children: Systolic 97–112 mm Hg, Diastolic 57–71 mm Hg [3].
- Adolescents: Systolic 112–128 mm Hg, Diastolic 66–80 mm Hg [3].
Adults (18-64 years)
In adults, blood pressure tends to stabilise, though lifestyle factors and health conditions can cause changes. Here’s what is normal blood pressure by age for adults:
- 18-39 years:
- Women: 110/68 mm Hg [2].
- Men: 119/70 mm Hg [2].
- 40-59 years:
- Women: 122/74 mm Hg [2].
- Men: 124/77 mm Hg [2].
Older adults (65 years and older)
Blood pressure usually rises as people age due to the stiffening of arteries [1]. Here’s what is normal blood pressure by age for older adults:
- 60+ years:
- Women: 139/68 mm Hg [2].
- Men: 133/69 mm Hg [2].
What is normal pulse rate by age?
Along with blood pressure, pulse rate (how fast your heart beats) is also a key measure of heart health. Here’s what a normal pulse rate is, by age:
- Children (6-15 years): Blood pressure ranges as detailed above, with a typical pulse rate of 70-100 beats per minute [1].
- Adults (18+ years): Normal blood pressure as listed above, with a pulse rate typically ranging from 60-100 beats per minute [4].
Factors that affect blood pressure
Several factors influence blood pressure, making it essential to consider these when looking at your readings:
- Age: Blood pressure typically increases with age [1].
- Gender: Men generally have higher blood pressure than women until women reach menopause, after which their blood pressure often rises [3].
- Lifestyle: Diet, exercise, alcohol consumption, and smoking all impact blood pressure. For example, high salt intake can elevate blood pressure, while regular exercise tends to lower it [1].
- Family history: If high blood pressure runs in your family, you may be at greater risk [4].
- Health conditions: Conditions like diabetes, kidney disease, and high cholesterol can lead to increased blood pressure [4].
Signs and symptoms of high blood pressure
High blood pressure is often called the “silent killer” because it usually doesn’t show symptoms until it reaches a dangerous level. However, some signs can indicate a rise in blood pressure:
- Headaches: Severe headaches can occur when blood pressure is very high [5].
- Dizziness or lightheadedness: These symptoms may be associated with high blood pressure [5].
- Nosebleeds: This isn't a reliable indicator but can occur when blood pressure is high [5].
- Shortness of breath: Difficulty breathing might be a sign of elevated blood pressure [6].
- Chest pain: This can indicate high blood pressure, especially if it’s severe [6].
- Blurred vision: Changes in vision can happen with very high blood pressure [7].
- Fatigue or confusion: These symptoms can be signs of a hypertensive crisis [7].
- Heart palpitations: An irregular heartbeat might be felt if blood pressure is high [8].
If you experience these symptoms, especially if you’re in a high-risk category or have had consistently high readings, it’s crucial to seek medical attention.
When to see a doctor
It’s essential to keep an eye on your blood pressure, especially as you age or if you have risk factors like obesity, a high-salt diet, or a family history of hypertension. You should talk to a doctor if:
- Your blood pressure is consistently high: Readings above 140/90 mm Hg are cause for concern [3].
- You notice sudden changes: A quick rise or fall in blood pressure could indicate a serious issue [2].
- You experience symptoms of hypertension: If you have symptoms like severe headaches, chest pain, or shortness of breath, it’s time to seek help [4].
- You’re in a hypertensive crisis: If your blood pressure is above 180/120 mm Hg, seek immediate medical attention [8].
How to maintain healthy blood pressure
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is key to managing blood pressure. Here are some tips:
- Eat a balanced diet: Include plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains in your diet. Reduce salt and processed foods [1].
- Exercise regularly: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate exercise each week [1].
- Limit alcohol: Drink alcohol in moderation, if at all [1].
- Avoid smoking: Smoking can raise your blood pressure and damage your heart and blood vessels [1].
- Monitor your blood pressure: Regularly check your blood pressure, especially if you have a history of hypertension [1].
How HealthHero can support you
Knowing your blood pressure and keeping it in check is vital for your health. If you’re worried about what is normal blood pressure by age or what is normal blood pressure and pulse by age, consider booking an online consultation with HealthHero. Our healthcare professionals can help you manage your blood pressure with expert advice.
Don’t wait until it’s too late. Stay on top of your health by knowing your numbers. If you’re concerned, visit our service page to book a consultation today.
